A recent judgment from Zambia’s Constitutional Court looks at a question that comes up often in climate governance: what happens after a climate law is passed, and who can hold the government to account if implementation lags behind. The case was brought by Climate Action Professionals Zambia, a group focused on climate awareness and advocacy. It centred on the Green Economy and Climate Change Act, No. 18 of 2024, a law designed to establish Zambia’s institutional framework f

A recent High Court ruling in Tanzania takes on a question that often sits in the background of mining law: who actually controls the benefits that are meant for communities living next to extraction sites? The case came from villages around the North Mara Gold Mine. For years, those communities received the full share of corporate social responsibility funding linked to the mine. The money went into visible things. Roads, water systems, schools, clinics. It was tied to plans

A newly filed lawsuit in the United States raises an new and increasingly important question for climate and financial law: what happens when climate-related financial risk enters the world of retirement plan fiduciary duties? The case, Kvek v. Cushman & Wakefield U.S., Inc. , does not accuse a company of emitting greenhouse gases or misleading investors about climate policy. Instead, it targets the way a major employer managed the investment options in its employee retiremen

A new complaint filed with the Singapore Exchange Regulation (SGX RegCo) by Market Forces is raising questions about how banks (including OCBC) disclose climate-related risks linked to their financing activities. The filing alleges that Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation Limited (OCBC) may have provided misleading disclosures to investors regarding its exposure to coal-related energy infrastructure. The complaint focuses on OCBC’s financing relationship with companies assoc

We saw two significant developments in February in the field of anti-climate antitrust litigation targeting major asset managers. This is a form of climate-related antitrust litigation in which state authorities and/or shareholders challenge whether large asset managers’ coordinated climate stewardship activities unlawfully restrict competition in fossil fuel markets. A shareholder derivative action has been filed against BlackRock’s leadership in the Eastern District of Texa

A federal court in California has weighed in on one of the most closely watched greenwashing litigation cases of the year. In Dib v. Apple Inc. , consumers challenged Apple’s marketing of certain Apple Watch models and its broader corporate operations as “carbon neutral,” arguing that the company’s claims relied on flawed carbon offset projects. The case deals with carbon neutrality claims, voluntary carbon markets, and consumer protection law , and offers important insight i

The Legal Foundation of Federal Climate Regulation Is Under Direct Attack in the D.C. Circuit On February 18, 2026, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a final rule titled “Rescission of the Greenhouse Gas Endangerment Finding and Motor Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards Under the Clean Air Act,”  91 Fed. Reg. 7686 (Feb. 18, 2026). With that action, the EPA formally withdrew the 2009 Greenhouse Gas Endangerment Finding, the determination that green

How the District Court of The Hague Applied Human Rights and International Climate Law in Stichting Greenpeace Nederland v. The State of the Netherlands Bonaire Climate Case Judgment (28 January 2026) On 28 January 2026, the District Court of The Hague issued its long-awaited judgment in Stichting Greenpeace Nederland et al. v. The State of the Netherlands , commonly referred to as the Bonaire Climate Case or Klimaatzaak Bonaire . A full case entry, including a detailed legal

On 1 December 2025, the European Union adopted Council Decision (EU) 2025/2493 , authorising the Union to sign the newly adopted Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of the Environment through Criminal Law . This marks the EU’s strongest commitment yet to criminalising serious environmental harm. The Convention, approved by the Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers in May 2025 and opened for signature on 3 December 2025, replaces the original 1998 criminal env

The latest addition to our global climate litigation database is a groundbreaking non-judicial complaint that could reshape how the world’s biggest banks approach fossil-fuel finance, environmental and social due diligence, and Indigenous rights protections. This newly filed grievance challenges the financing pathway of a major liquefied natural gas project and, most notably, constitutes the first complaint of its kind brought directly under the Equator Principles. Financial

ECB Imposes Fine on ABANCA for Climate Risk Failures In a clear signal to the financial sector, the European Central Bank (ECB) this week imposed periodic penalty payments of €187,650 on ABANCA for failing to adequately assess and document climate-related and environmental (C&E) risks. Banks are increasingly expected to both recognise and actively manage climate risks within their activities and portfolio. The ECB's imposed fine has now shown that financial regulators are pr

The TotalEnergies greenwashing case is the latest addition to the Climate Court Litigation Database , offering a critical look at corporate accountability in France’s energy sector. Environmental groups challenged TotalEnergies and its subsidiary, TotalEnergies Electricité et Gaz France, over statements claiming the company was committed to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050 and being a major player in the energy transition, arguing that these communications were misleadin

We’re excited to announce that the Climate Court Climate Litigation Database has been updated with one of the most significant climate justice cases from the Global South: Asghar Leghari v. Federation of Pakistan . This is a case that dealt with issues including climate change, human rights, and government accountability, and offers a model for rights-based climate litigation worldwide. Subscribers accessing the database can explore a detailed analysis of the case, including

The Bonaire Climate Case  ( Klimaatzaak Bonaire ) has quickly become one of the most closely watched climate lawsuits in Europe and the Caribbean. Filed by eight residents of Bonaire together with Stichting Greenpeace Nederland, the case challenges the Dutch government’s responsibility to protect the island’s population from the worsening impacts of climate change. As court hearings took place in The Hague in early October 2025, the case drew attention not only for its human

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) Advisory Opinion on climate obligations is no longer just a theoretical statement of...

This landmark EU case shifts climate litigation from abstract emissions targets to the state's duty to protect citizens from tangible climate impacts like floods and heatwaves. By focusing on real human suffering, it makes the urgency of climate action undeniable. Furthermore, the case highlights the disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations.

© Gosse Bouma / Greenpeace Greenpeace International’s legal counsel, Rubicon Impact and Litigation, has issued a formal legal warning  to...

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is holding oral hearings on the legal obligations of states to address climate change.

The Court of Appeal’s ruling in Milieudefensie v. Shell will either reinforce or redefine climate action obligations for corporations.

Niger Delta communities are fighting for justice against fossil fuel giants like ExxonMobil and Shell.